Los golpes contra gobiernos populistas, más allá de los déficits democráticos de estos últimos, tienden a agudizar la polarización y es difícil que construyan mejores democracias. En cambio, al cerrarse la alternativa militar, el sistema político se fortalece porque sus protagonistas se ven obligados a buscar soluciones para los conflictos sociales por medio de la negociación y el compromiso democrático. No obstante, las convulsiones latinoamericanas muestran los límites de sus instituciones democráticas para canalizar el conflicto político y, como se vio en Bolivia, el riesgo de la tentación militar.
María Victoria Murillo
Columbia University
Steven Levitsky
Harvard University
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